本研究旨在探索被动吸烟对小鼠肾草酸钙结石模型形成的影响。将55只小鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组) 、模型组1(B组)、模型组2(C组)、模型3组(D组)。A组正常对照组予以单纯生理盐水灌胃; B组诱石+被动吸烟组予以诱石剂灌胃(含0.75%乙二醇、0.75%氯化铵), 同时将小鼠放入吸烟染毒箱建立被动吸烟模型; C组单纯诱石灌胃组予以单纯诱石剂灌胃; D组单纯被动吸烟组予以等量生理盐水灌胃的同时将小鼠放入吸烟染毒箱建立被动吸烟模型。实验期间观察小鼠的进食进水情况、活动情况、生命体征及个体体毛等变化。分别于造模 7、14、21、28 d收集尿液进行尿草酸和尿钙含量的测定; 于造模结束后采集小鼠血清比较血肌酐浓度; 剖取肾脏称量并计算肾脏系数。造模3 d后, B、C两组小鼠出现爬行困难, 部分灌胃后出现深大呼吸, 活动减弱, 食欲减退, 体毛无光泽, B组小鼠较 C组小鼠表现更明显: 造模 7 d 后, B、C组开始出现不同数量的动物死亡, 且 B组死亡率明显高于 C组; 造模21天后, D组小鼠也开始出现死亡, 但A组小鼠实验中均未观察到死亡。不同时间点比较, B、C组小鼠尿草酸、尿钙、血肌酐浓度均高于 正常对照A组和单纯被动吸烟D组(P<0.05), 同时发现, B组(诱石灌胃+被动吸烟)尿草酸、尿钙浓度均明显高于 C组(诱石灌胃)(P<0.05)。与A组和D组比较, 模型组B、C组小鼠肾脏系数均明显增加, 差异具有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。结果表明, 被动吸烟可促进小鼠草酸钙型肾结石的形成。

The effects of Nd3+ concentration on the visible fluorescence spectroscopic properties of Nd:(Y0.9La0.1)2O3 transparent ceramics are investigated. Under 270 nm excitation, three emission peaks are observed at 396, 426, and 633 nm. When the Nd3+ concentration is increased, intensities of the peaks at 396 and 426 nm increase while the 633 nm peak become weak due to the fluorescence re-absorption effect. Broad luminescence band centered at 426 nm is observed from the fluorescence spectrum stimulated at 358 nm. The emission intensity increases with the increase of Nd3+ ion content firstly, then decreases owing to the concentration quenching of Nd3+ ions.

5 at.-% Yb3+ doped (La0.10Y0.90)2O3 transparent ceramics are fabricated by using commercial nanopowders in H2 atmosphere. Effect of the heat-treatment on the structure, spectral properties of (Yb0.05La0.10Y0.85)2O3 transparent ceramics is investigated. Laser grade ceramic samples are fabricated, and a diode-pumped laser is demonstrated, the maximum output power of 920 mW at 1 075 nm is obtained with a slope efficiency of ~31%, the laser pulse as short as 730 fs is also realized at the central wavelength of 1 033 nm.